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What Is An LLC?

An LLC, also known as a Limited Liability Company, is a form of business structure that protects its owners from personal responsibilities of taxes, debts, and liabilities. Operating solely in the USA, such a business structure frees the owner from taxation responsibilities.

They need to be distinguished from both a corporation and a partnership based on the fact that an LLC incorporates the features of the two and aids start-ups and small to medium-sized businesses in achieving the benefits of their larger counterparts while following a relatively simpler rulebook.

Advantages

What’s So Special About An LLC?

Incorporating a business as a Limited Liability Company (LLC) offers numerous advantages that can help entrepreneurs protect their personal assets, simplify tax filings, and provide flexibility in management structures.

The following section delves into the key benefits of establishing an LLC, including its independent legal identity, limited liability for owners, pass-through taxation, adaptable management options, and ceaseless existence. These distinct advantages make LLCs an attractive choice for business owners seeking to strike a balance between personal protection and operational flexibility.

Independent legal identity

An LLC holds its position in legal matters such that the LLC has individual rights and responsibilities as well as liabilities that do not involve its owners or members. This implies that whether a lawsuit is filed against an LLC or an LLC files it against someone, the owner is distinct and apart from the legalities, and the lawsuit is filed in the LLC’s name only.

This independence of identity is also implied while dealing with properties, contracts, investing or lending funds, and dealing with other businesses. Those working with the LLC are liable and answerable to the LLC as a whole and not to the owners or members in person.

Limited liability

This benefit of an LLC holds paramount importance for the owners and members. Limited Liability implies that the owners’ or members’ personal assets are exempted from being used by the LLC to fulfill its financial obligations. This also means that in case of an LLC suffering a loss, the member will only have lost what they invested in the first place with no damage to their individual assets.

Pass-through taxation

An LLC is a form of business that deals with pass-through taxation. This form of taxation exempts businesses from paying double taxes like bigger corporations. Instead, all profits and losses are reported on the owner’s tax return which is paid only for their share of the business.

Flexible management structure

Flexibility is one of the most important advantages that an LLC holds over other business entities. An LLC can have a variety of management structures which must be mentioned in the Article of Organization and Operating Agreement.

According to state law, an LLC must be managed by its members. However, managers can also be given control over the LLC by proper documentation, as described in subsequent sections. Such managers may or may not be LLC members and can operate on-site or remotely.

Ceaseless existence

This means an LLC can continue to exist even when owners face untimely death or retirement. Therefore, the LLC can only dissolve if any specific event mentioned in the operating agreement takes place.

The members must unanimously decide on the dissolution or any legal action that calls for the dissolution of the LLC. Furthermore, a change in ownership can also occur without risking the LLC’s existence.

Disadvantages

When Is LLC Not Right For Me?

Nothing comes without its drawbacks. The minor drawbacks of forming an LLC should not be ignored, even though they do not in any way outweigh the positives.

Cost

In any state, starting an LLC is usually less cost-friendly than it is to form and maintain a sole proprietorship or general partnership. In addition, one needs a registered agent to form an LLC, which comes with its added cost. Similarly, for incorporating and registering an LLC in almost all states, taxes must be paid to the State and Federal Governments.

Moreover, as an LLC owner, one has to pay state tax on earnings drawn by the LLC based on the income tax rate of the state you base your LLC in. Most states impose various other charges on LLCs, which include annual reports and/or franchise tax fees, while others don’t.

Transferable ownership

In an LLC, the transfer of ownership is complicated in every state. The LLC Articles of Organization specify how LLC firm ownership will be transmitted. Usually, all the members of the LLC must unanimously decide on adding new members, altering the percentages of current members, or changing ownership. This is generally easier with corporations, who hold this benefit over LLCs.

LLC Formation

How To Start An LLC

Some states follow a slightly different method of successfully starting and establishing an LLC, but they all share the same basic step-to-step guide.

Choose a name for your LLC

To start an LLC, you must choose a name for your business structure that fulfills the naming requirements of the state you base your business. As per State’s naming rules, two businesses are not allowed to have the same name even if they are based in different cities. Any state’s naming requirements can be viewed inline on the Secretary of State’s website.

  • Including the words “Limited Liability Company” or the abbreviated form “LLC” or “L.L.C” in your LLC name.
  • Choosing an LLC name that is unique and distinguishable from other businesses’ names in your state. Names may be checked for availability at the Secretary of State’s business name database.
  • “DBA” (short for doing business as) is an assumed name that the business uses in their business dealings. It differs from the LLC’S official legal name registered in the Articles of Organization.
  • Such an assumed or trade name can be used in some states instead of the official LLC name. It must be registered with the Secretary of State by filing an Application for Registration of Trade Name.
  • In case of second thoughts or doubts in finalizing the official name, if one is faced with the worries of their name being taken by someone else, they can temporarily reserve their name by submitting a proper form to the state authority.
Hire a Registered Agent

Most states require an LLC owner to hire a registered agent. This person or business is responsible for receiving and managing legal and official documents on behalf of the LLC. Furthermore, the said individual or business entity must be a resident of the state or any business entity authorized to do business in the state.

They must also have a physical street address where they should be present on-site during regular business hours to receive any official documents. Some states allow individuals above 18 to be hired as registered agents, while others allow LLCs to hire agents via registered agent services.

Prepare and file a Certificate of Organization

The next step to create an LLC is filing a Certificate of Organization with the Secretary of State. However, some states have a separate department that deals with such business filings. A Certificate of organization, also known as the Article of Organization, is a document that contains basic information about your LLC and its members and managers and helps officially establish it. It must include the following:

  • LLC’s name and address.
  • The name of the LLC’s registered agent with their address.
  • A reason why the LLC was formed.
  • Professional services offered by the LLC (if any).
  • Names and addresses of members, managers, and professional employees associated with the LLC.
  • The person forming the LLC is required to sign the Certificate. (in some states, the registered agent is also required to sign it).

The certificate is either filed by standard mail or uploading a signed pdf online. A fee is charged for filing, which varies in each state.

Create an Operating Agreement

An operating agreement is a document that outlines the various roles played by the LLC’s members and employees. It forms the basic operating structure of your business and helps define the business’s purpose. Some states do not require an Operating Agreement. However, it is an important document for the smooth running of your business and helps in various legal matters in the future.

Obtain a Certificate from the State

A certificate formally establishing the existence of the LLC will be sent to the LLC owner once the formation paperwork is completed, either by mail or online. The LLC can obtain licenses, a business bank account, and an EIN with the help of this certificate.

Acquire an EIN

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) will provide the LLC with a nine-digit EIN (Employer Identification Number). The LLC can register commercial bank accounts, handle various taxes, and hire staff with the aid of an EIN. Filling out an online application on the IRS website will get you an EIN.

Conduct business in other states (optional)

This is an optional step if you wish to operate the business in several states. For this, you must register your LLC in all the different states and appoint a registered agent in each state. Similar paperwork is needed for every different state you wish to incorporate your LLC into.

File annual reports

Different states have different reporting rules. The LLC owner is required to file a report annually with a filing fee. The charges vary in different states. To learn about the specific requirements of forming an LLC in your chosen state, choose your state from the list below:

  • Alabama
  • Alaska
  • Arizona
  • Arkansas
  • California
  • Colorado
  • Connecticut
  • Delaware
  • D.C.
  • Florida
  • Georgia
  • Hawaii
  • Idaho
  • Illinois
  • Indiana
  • Iowa
  • Kansas
  • Kentucky
  • Louisiana
  • Maine
  • Maryland
  • Massachusetts
  • Michigan
  • Minnesota
  • Mississippi
  • Missouri
  • Montana
  • Nebraska
  • Nevada
  • New Hampshire
  • New Jersey
  • New Mexico
  • New York
  • North Carolina
  • North Dakota
  • Ohio
  • Oklahoma
  • Oregon
  • Pennsylvania
  • Rhode Island
  • South Carolina
  • South Dakota
  • Tennessee
  • Texas
  • Utah
  • Vermont
  • Virginia
  • Washington
  • West Virginia
  • Wisconsin
  • Wyoming

Types of LLC

Which Type Of LLC Is Ideal For Me?

An LLC, or Limited Liability Company, is a flexible business structure that can be tailored to meet the needs of various types of businesses. While there isn’t a rigid classification system for LLCs, they can be categorized based on factors like management structure, taxation, and the number of members. Here are some common ways to distinguish between different types of LLCs:

  • Single-member LLC: Owned by one person. Treated as a disregarded entity for tax purposes; income reported on personal tax return.
  • Multi-member LLC: Two or more members; taxed as partnerships with income reported via Schedule K-1.
  • Member-managed LLC: All members manage the business directly unless stated otherwise.
  • Manager-managed LLC: Managers run the business; members may be passive investors.
  • Series LLC: Available in some states; consists of a master LLC with multiple series, each with separate assets/liabilities.
  • Professional LLC (PLLC): For licensed professionals like doctors or lawyers; subject to additional regulations.

Note: State rules can vary, so research your specific state requirements carefully.

LLC Taxes

What Are Applicable Taxes For LLCs?

LLCs themselves have no specific taxation class. Owners can elect to be taxed as sole proprietorships, partnerships, or corporations.

  • Single-member LLCs are taxed as sole proprietorships with income reported on Schedule C.
  • Multi-member LLCs are taxed as partnerships with income reported on Schedule E.
  • Members pay self-employment taxes on earnings, reported on Schedule SE.
  • LLCs can elect corporate taxation as C-corp or S-corp by filing with the IRS.

Business LLCs

Every business is unique, and LLC requirements vary by industry. We offer tailored resources for many types of LLCs:

  • Landscaping LLC
  • Accounting LLC
  • Restaurant LLC
  • Lawn Care LLC
  • Consultant LLC
  • Entertainment LLC
  • Financial Advisor LLC
  • Therapy LLC
  • Clothing Store LLC
  • Legal Services LLC
  • Real Estate LLC
  • Cleaning Services LLC
  • Handyman LLC
  • DJ LLC
  • Barber LLC
  • Retail LLC
  • Carpet Cleaning LLC
  • Carpenter LLC
  • Bakery LLC
  • Beauty Business LLC
  • Daycare LLC
  • Contractor LLC
  • Bookstore LLC
  • Car Wash LLC
  • Pawn Shop LLC
  • Pressure Washing LLC
  • Real Estate Investor LLC
  • Catering LLC
  • Amazon Seller LLC
  • Real Estate Agent LLC
  • Personal Chef LLC
  • General Contractor LLC
  • Property Management LLC

Costs

How Much Does It Cost To Start An LLC?

One-Time Costs:

  • Filing fees: Range from $50 to $800 depending on the state. Using a legal filing service adds about $50 on top.
  • Operating Agreement: Professional drafting costs $50 to $200; free if you create your own.
  • Publication: Some states require publishing your LLC formation notice in local newspapers; costs vary.
  • Business Permits and Licenses: Fees depend on your business type and location.

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